![]() ![]() descents into temporal order), the two chief incarnations being Rama, the good king whose deeds are recorded in the Ramayana, and Krishna. It was the way to ensure sufficient drinking water when the city was surrounded by enemies and to ensure cultivation water.īeikthano is the Myanmar word for Vishnu, the Hindu God who manifests himself in a chain of divine incarnations or avatars (i.e. Moreover, Pyu peoplebuilt cities with lakes, ponds, streams and creeks in them. It was aimed at defending enemies conveniently. In addition, there was a ridge nearby each ancient city. Excavated findings show that ancient cities of Beikthano, Hanlin, Sri Khestra and Myanadi were located not on the bank of big rivers but on that of tributaries. They studied geographical conditions thoroughly and set up city states at safe and secured places. Pyu people established city states in suitable places. Hanlin Pyu City State (AD?-832) was located in upper Myanmar in Shwebo District, Wetlet Township. Tharay Kittarar Pyu City State (AD 400-1000) was located in lower Myanmar, 5 miles southeast of Pyay. The Beikthano Pyu City State was located in middle part of Myanmar at the north of Kookogwa Village, 11 miles north of Taung Dwingyee. A number of cities flourished, among them Hanlin and Thayekhittaya (Sriksetra, "Field of Splendour"), and the Bawbawgyi, Payagyi and Payama pagoda of Thayekhittaya. The Pyu, a people whose language has become extinct but whose architectural monuments remain, arrived in Myanmar in the 7th century and established city kingdoms at Binnaka, Mongamo, Sri Ksetra, and Hanlingyi. According to Burmese chronicles, the Pyu gained supremacy over the Mons, sent ships to India, Ceylon (Sri Lanka), the Malay Peninsula, and the Indonesian archipelago, and claimed tributaries as far afield as the islands of Sumatra and Java. Its greatest extant monument is the 50-meter-high Bawbawgyi Pagoda, built of brick in Indian style. Sri Ksetra possessed over 100 Buddhist monasteries, and both the Theravada and Mahayana schools of Buddhism were respected. Chinese Buddhist pilgrims of the seventh century AD describe a Pyu city-state, known as Sri Ksetra (the "Pleasant" or "Fortunate Field"), near the modern town of Prome on the banks of the Irrawaddy. Third century AD Chinese records mention a people known as the Pyu, who lived in the central Irrawaddy River region of Upper Burma and had apparently migrated into the region from the Tibetan plateau. Consequently, it has not been possible to decipher a great number of the inscriptions written in Pyu. Due to the merging of Pyu and Burmese culture, the Pyu language ceased to be used as early as the 13th century. And there still remain many Pyu city states in Myanmar that have not been excavated yet. #PYU ANCIENT CITIES HOW TO#They knew how to construct large religious edifices, city drainage canals, clean water supply works and irrigation facilities. The excavations at old towns - Beikthano, Hanlin, Srikestra and Myanadi - prove that the people of Pyu city states are highly intelligent and civilized. ![]() Tharay Kittarar Pyu City State, Waraman Dynasty (BC 1000-400) ![]()
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